In chemistry, the most of the compounds (Peptides, polymers, dyes and some of the natural products) cannot be synthesize in a single step. Some synthesis is relatively short (1-8 steps), others can be very long (more than 10 to 50 steps). For example, Edaravone, Aspirin and paracetamol etc are relatively simple molecule, can be prepared in one or two or three steps depending on the starting material you choose. Erythromycin, Taxol, Prostaglandin and Vitamins related molecules are very complex structures whose total synthesis requires around 20 to 40 steps.
How the chemists decide the synthetic route? How the chemists decide the starting materials for their synthesis? That is called retro-synthesis, chemists start from the compound which they want to make and cut it in smaller pieces, going backward, until they can reach the starting material which they want to use and also will consider it can easily buy and that is not too expensive. A chemical reaction rarely gives only the product you want. Most of the time, the outcome of a chemical reaction is a mixture of compounds including the one you wanted to prepare. However, reaction planning, designing, optimization of the reaction conditions and minimize the formation of side products is not so easy. For that, needed extremely qualified and experienced scientists are required.
For that, Solara have highly qualified PhD, Post-Doctoral fellows and well experienced team of scientists who conduct several challenging synthesis recent pasts. Solara have synthesized several multi step molecules including more than 20 steps and also commercialized multi steps products (25 kg level). Further, the team is experienced in all kinds of challenges in synthetic organic chemistry involving in various types of chemistry like complex aromatic compounds & heterocyclic, carbohydrate scaffolds, natural & non-natural amino acids, peptides, polymers, organometallic compounds and also experts in asymmetric synthesis and chiral resolutions. They are expertise in various purification techniques & crystallization of complex molecules.
Organometallic reactions
The synthesis of many organic molecules are facilitated by organometallic complexes. Organometallic compounds are widely used in research and industrial chemical reactions, as well as used as a catalysts to increase the rates of the reaction.
Solara is a leading player in performing wide range of organometallic reaction in tonnage. Recent past, Solara have successfully synthesized several molecules from grams to several hundreds of kilograms which were used mainly following organometallic reactions;
1. Cross-coupling reaction
Heck reaction b) Suzuki reactions c) Negishi Coupling d) Buchwald-Hartwig Reaction e) Sonogashira coupling etc.
2. Grignard’s reaction
3. n-BuLi reactions in wide range of reactions.
4. Ruthenium complexes catalyzed reaction.
- Cyclopropanation reactions b) Grubbs ring closing metathesis/Cross Metathesis
5. Sharpless Dihydroxylation and Asymetric Epoxidation reactions: It is used in the enantioselective preparation of 1,2-diols and chiral epoxides from prochiral olefins.
6. Jacobsen’s catalyst: It is used for enantioselective epoxidation of un-functionalized olefins and also used for chiral resolutions.
Photolytic Reactions
Photochemistry is the branch of chemistry concerned with the chemical effects of light. Photochemistry deals the use of light in the chemical reactions, has a number of important applications both in nature and industry. Photochemical reactions proceed differently than temperature-driven reactions. Photochemical paths access high energy intermediates that cannot be generated thermally and using any chemical reagents. To conduct this kind of experiments, the dedicated facility, instrument and well trained scientists to be required. For that, Solara have highly qualified and well trained scientists who conduct several challenging photo chemical reactions in recent pasts.
High pressure reactions
Availability of Autoclaves in different scales makes development of high pressure reaction more easy. Solara has done high pressure & high temperature reaction in tonnage. High pressure reduction reactions using Rh/C, Pt/C, Pd/C and Raney Nickel for aromatic ring reduction or nitro or cyano reduction reactions.